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CHEM 121 Studioby Learn4Less · UBC CHEM 121

CHEM 121 glossary

Axial and equatorial positions

The two kinds of position in a trigonal bipyramid. The 2 axial positions lie on the vertical axis, each with three neighbours at 90°; the 3 equatorial positions lie in the central plane, each with only two neighbours at 90°, so lone pairs always go equatorial.

Central P atom bonded to 5 Cl atoms, with no lone pairs.ClClPClClCl90°120°180°Ideal bond angles: 90°, 120°, 180°
In PClX5\ce{PCl5}, two Cl atoms are axial and three are equatorial.

Example

In SFX4\ce{SF4} the lone pair takes an equatorial position; the two axial F atoms and two equatorial F atoms give the seesaw.