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CHEM 121 Studioby Learn4Less · UBC CHEM 121

CHEM 121 glossary

Ionic radius

The size of an ion in an ionic solid. Cations are smaller than their parent atoms (they usually lose a whole shell) and anions are larger (extra repulsion, no extra protons); in an isoelectronic series, more protons means a smaller ion.

Bar chart of values in pmO²⁻: 140 pm; F⁻: 133 pm; Na⁺: 102 pm; Mg²⁺: 72 pm050100150pm140O²⁻133F⁻102Na⁺72Mg²⁺

Ten electrons each; radius falls as the proton count rises from 8 to 12.

Example

Sodium shrinks from 186 pm to 102 pm on becoming NaX+\ce{Na+}; chlorine grows from 99 pm to 181 pm on becoming ClX−\ce{Cl-}.