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CHEM 121 Studioby Learn4Less · UBC CHEM 121

CHEM 121 glossary

π bond (pi bond)

A covalent bond formed by side-on overlap of two parallel, unhybridized p orbitals, with electron density above and below the bond axis and a nodal plane containing the axis. A double bond is 1σ + 1π and a triple bond 1σ + 2π; the π bond is weaker than the σ bond and blocks rotation about the bond.

π bond: side-on overlapTwo parallel p orbitals on neighbouring atoms, both perpendicular to the bond axis, overlap side by side above and below the axis. The π bond has a nodal plane containing the bond axis.nodal planeabovebelowside-on overlap of parallel p orbitals → π bond

Side-on overlap of parallel p orbitals: density above and below the axis.

Example

NX2\ce{N2} (N≡N) has one σ and two π bonds, the two π bonds at right angles to each other. Because a π bond blocks rotation, cis- and trans-2-butene (CHX3CH=CHCHX3\ce{CH3CH=CHCH3}) are two different compounds that do not interconvert at room temperature.